I have reprinted this column because I believe it to be one of the best. Jim Middlemiss
was the reporter who first wrote about this curious Facebook group back in February.
I was disappointed with the article
because I thought it missed the point. But it definitely started the ball rolling. Maybe I
missed the point?
This article was published before Justice Campbell gave his reasons for postponing
approval of a plan that gave the banks blanket immunity to fraud. Mr. Middlemiss demonstrates
here the same level of insight and nuance that Justice Campbell will need to stick handle this
case to a reasonable conclusion.
An ABCP legal conundrum
by Jim Middlemiss,
Financial Post
Published: Friday, May 16, 2008
A decision on Canada's biggest restructuring could come as early as today, and it
could set a nasty precedent for the civil justice system.
Mr. Justice Colin Campbell faces an all-or-nothing proposition. If he rejects the plan
in the $32-billion non-bank asset-backed commercial-paper restructuring, it puts
investors' money at risk and could lead to financial anarchy as banks scramble to collect
on their security.
Back the deal and he blesses broad legal releases that bar investors from suing for
breach of fiduciary, breach of contract, negligence, bad faith and fraud.
Barring fraud claims would prevent civil lawsuits for injuries from a criminal act and
that's bothersome -- as is barring lawsuits in general. It's a basic right of citizens in
a democracy to sue. That's why we have courts.
Granted, there's no proven evidence of fraud. Yet, it's plausible that a police or
regulatory investigation could unearth fraud.
So parties involved in the ABCP fiasco could face criminal penalties, but not civil,
if the deal is passed and that's not justice.
It's no wonder, then, Judge Campbell was clearly pained during the fairness hearing
into the plan. He is painted into a corner. Just like noteholders who held their nose and
voted 96% in favour of the restructuring, he will probably do the same for the sake of
the financial markets and the money at stake. But that doesn't make it good judicial
policy or a good precedent.
Judge Campbell is sitting over a Companies' Creditors Arrangement Act hearing. It's
flexible legislation that allows businesses to address insolvency issues short of
bankruptcy. Call it a Court of Compromise.
That works in business failures, such as Stelco and Air Canada, where ailing
businesses and jobs were saved. Releases are common in such workouts, but the
encompassing nature of the ABCP releases -- which even required a clarification so they
would not prevent regulators from doing their job--go too far.
Purdy Crawford, the lawyer tapped to oversee the committee of investors that
negotiated this settlement, was adamant: "There can be no plan unless these releases are
included."
The foreign banks and counter-parties, sponsors, asset providers, liquidity providers
and bond rating agencies agree. They are worried about the cascading effect of lawsuits.
The ABCP parties are so intricately woven together that a lawsuit against one leads to
claims against all. Therefore, they argue, the releases are needed to quell the prospect
of endless litigation.
Who wouldn't want a free pass from litigation? However, fraud is very difficult to
prove, and claims for negligence and breach of fiduciary duty are no slam dunk
either.
That raises the question: What are the financial institutions really worried about? If
they've done nothing wrong in creating this market and selling billions of dollars in
notes and earning millions of dollars in fees, they have nothing to fear. Lawsuits are
the cost of business. There are ways to efficiently manage litigation involving multiple
parties and multiple claims.
So are the releases simply a cover-up designed to protect the ABCP players from their
own or ineptitude and liability in running this market? Are they necessary risk
management to effect a hard-fought workout? Or is the demand for releases simply legal
bluster and a bluff? If Judge Campbell calls them on it, will the parties walk away from
this restructuring? That's for him to ponder.
There's an old judicial aphorism: "Justice must not only be done; it must also be seen
to be done." Letting anyone off the hook for the sake of a settlement doesn't seem to
pass that sight test, at least for the 4% of investors who voted against it. There were
errors made in this market and someone other than investors who bought this paper should
share the pain. For the good of the justice system, Judge Campbell should call their
bluff.